非洲鉛鋅銅礦、鎢錫鉭鈮礦進口代理&清關(guān)全流程（中英雙語）

適用貨源：剛果（金）、贊比亞、坦桑尼亞、尼日利亞、盧旺達等非洲礦區(qū)；推薦口岸：廣州南沙、黃埔、欽州、防城港、廈門；貿(mào)易方式：一般貿(mào)易0110；核心風險點：放射性超標、固廢鑒別、沖突礦產(chǎn)、審價、自動進口許可證（O證）標準依據(jù)：GB20664、SN/T 1537-2025；γ劑量率限值≤400nGy/h（0.4μSv/h），超標直接隔離退運，無整改空間

一、礦種歸類與監(jiān)管條件（核心前置）

礦種HS編碼參考監(jiān)管條件重點說明銅礦/銅精礦26030000007A（O證+入境法檢）硫化銅精礦屬于9類危險品UN3077，需要MSDS；有毒有害砷、汞、鎘有國標限量鉛礦/鉛精礦26070000007A鉛鋅礦可按需申請品質(zhì)檢驗，放射性、固廢排查必做鋅礦/鋅精礦26080000007A總署108號公告：不申請品質(zhì)證只做現(xiàn)場檢疫（輻射、雜物、固廢排查）錫礦/錫精礦26090000007A高布控，非洲錫礦常伴生釷鈾，放射性風險偏高鎢礦/鎢精礦26110000007A戰(zhàn)略小金屬，多數(shù)口岸不適用先放后檢，取樣后等實驗室結(jié)果放行鉭鈮礦/鉭鈮精礦26159000007A高放射性重點監(jiān)管礦，非洲產(chǎn)地超標率高，必須裝港提前做全核素檢測

備注：全部26章金屬礦砂精礦，收貨人主體必須提前申領(lǐng)自動進口許可證（O證），證上收貨人和報關(guān)境內(nèi)收貨人必須完全一致，不可轉(zhuǎn)借；O證電子底賬單一窗口申報時綁定

二、代理服務范圍

?前期風控：非洲礦區(qū)裝港CCIC預檢、放射性預檢測、固廢初篩、沖突礦產(chǎn)單證輔導、FERI/ITSCI辦理（剛果金強制）、合同LOI、點價合同備案? 國際物流：非洲港口訂艙、集裝箱散貨船、噸袋包裝加固、危貨申報（硫化精礦） ?國內(nèi)清關(guān)：單證預審、兩步申報、換單、報關(guān)、輻射篩查、H986機檢、陪同取樣送檢、審價抗辯、繳稅、查驗協(xié)調(diào) ?配套服務：碼頭拆箱抑塵、過磅衡重、礦石專用倉儲、保稅倉緩稅、國內(nèi)配送、付匯、代理出證、后續(xù)海關(guān)年報 ?合規(guī)咨詢：固廢鑒別預案、輻射超標處置、中非自貿(mào)協(xié)定原產(chǎn)地證零關(guān)稅辦理

三、全套清關(guān)資料清單（單單一致是紅線）

基礎(chǔ)貿(mào)易單證

1. 中英文采購合同（寫明干基計價、水分扣重、放射超標外商賠付條款、LME點價/TC加工費）

2. 商業(yè)發(fā)票（分開列明主金屬、伴生金銀等有價金屬貨值）

3. 裝箱單：毛重、濕重、干基凈重、含水率、柜號、噸袋數(shù)量

4. 海運提單（電放/正本，收貨人匹配O證）

5. 原產(chǎn)地CO（非洲商會出具，享受中非自貿(mào)協(xié)定關(guān)稅0%）

6. IPPC熏蒸證（如有木質(zhì)托盤）

監(jiān)管&檢測單證（礦石專屬）

1. 自動進口許可證（O證）

2. COA品質(zhì)報告（CNAS實驗室：品位、水分、As/Hg/Cd/Pb有害雜質(zhì)）

3. 放射性檢測報告（γ劑量率、U238、Th232、Ra226核素活度）

4. 《非固體廢物聲明》，聲明為原生選礦礦，不含尾礦、冶煉渣、泥土雜物

5. MSDS + 危險貨物聲明（銅鉛鋅硫化精粉，9類）

6. 國別附加單證：剛果金ITSCI沖突礦產(chǎn)證書、FERI跟蹤單（缺一不可）

四、完整進口清關(guān)操作流程

階段1：開船前（重要，證等貨，避免到港翻車）

1. 國內(nèi)進口企業(yè)備案，商務廳申領(lǐng)O證，備案公式定價合同（LME點價模式）

2. 海外礦山裝港前取樣CCIC/第三方實驗室檢測：成分+放射性，不合格拒絕裝船

3. 海外辦理原產(chǎn)地證、ITSCI、FERI等當?shù)匚募?，全套單證預審，三單匹配

4. 包裝：粉料加厚內(nèi)膜噸袋，防撒漏；硫化精礦按危貨規(guī)范包裝貼標

5. 訂艙，確認船期，發(fā)裝船通知給國內(nèi)代理

階段2：船舶到港前72h 預申報

1. 代理收提單，單一窗口兩步申報，預錄入申報要素，提前綁定O證電子底賬

2. 預約門式輻射掃描、H986機檢檔期，鎖定礦石專用堆場，預留隔離區(qū)域（鉭鈮礦）

階段3：到港現(xiàn)場清關(guān)

1. 換單：向船代換D/O提貨單，結(jié)清碼頭DOC、THC等費用

2. 機檢+輻射篩查：整柜過門式輻射監(jiān)測儀 + H986X光掃描，排查土壤、垃圾、尾礦雜物；輻射報警直接隔離管控

3. 人工查驗+取樣：

4. 銅、鉛、鋅礦：可申請先放后檢，取樣后貨物提離隔離倉，實驗室報告后歸檔

5. 鎢、錫、鉭鈮礦：多數(shù)口岸要求取樣后等待實驗室核素報告合格才可放行

6. 集裝箱礦：上中下三層多點取樣；散貨船水尺計重、船艙多層布點取樣；密閉車間拆箱噴淋抑塵，禁止露天拆高放射礦

7. 海關(guān)審價：對標LME、SMM行情、TC/RC加工費；代理配合提供付匯水單、長期采購合同，低報品位貨值會處罰

8. 繳稅：關(guān)稅0（中非自貿(mào)），增值稅CIF×13%，可進項抵扣；支持匯總征稅、關(guān)稅保函

9. 實驗室出具合格檢測報告，海關(guān)出具《入境貨物檢驗檢疫證明》；拿到證書后方可入廠冶煉

階段4：放行后倉儲&配送

直送冶煉廠，或轉(zhuǎn)入普通礦石倉/保稅倉暫存

同步留存全套檢測、報關(guān)單證，海關(guān)后續(xù)核查備查

五、重點風險提示（非洲礦石高頻踩坑）

1. 放射性風險（鉭鈮＞錫鎢＞銅鉛鋅）：非洲礦伴生鈾釷普遍，裝港不預檢，到港超標直接退運，運費、滯港損失巨大

2. 沖突礦產(chǎn)（剛果金）：無ITSCI證書會扣貨，屬于聯(lián)合國沖突礦產(chǎn)管控

3. 固廢判定：品位過低、大量圍巖泥土、冶煉渣混雜，海關(guān)啟動固廢鑒別，判定固廢強制退運

4. 硫化精礦危貨漏申報：銅鉛鋅硫化精粉UN3077，漏報危貨會罰款扣貨

5. O證品名、收貨人不一致：直接退單，無法申報

6. 審價風險：非洲礦布控高，伴生金銀漏報會核價補稅

六、參考費用構(gòu)成

代理報關(guān)服務費、單證預審、審價服務

碼頭費、換單費、堆存費、THC、滯箱滯港費（重點控制）

輻射檢測、成分化驗、取樣費（CNAS實驗室）

拖車、倉儲、拆箱抑塵作業(yè)費

稅費：增值稅13%，關(guān)稅（中非產(chǎn)地證0關(guān)稅）

海外附加：CCIC預檢、ITSCI、FERI、海運費

English Version

Import Agency & Customs Clearance Process for Lead-Zinc-Copper,Tungsten-Tin, Tantalum-Niobium Ores from Africa

Origin: DRC, Zambia, Tanzania, Nigeria, Rwanda; Main Ports:Nansha, Huangpu, , Fangchenggang, Xiamen; Trade Mode:General Trade 0110 Core risks: Radioactivity excess, solid wasteidentification, conflict mineral certification, customs valuation,Automatic Import License (O-License) Standard: GB 20664, SN/T1537-2025, Gamma dose rate ≤400nGy/h, over-limit cargo will bedetained and returned directly

1. Commodity Code & Control

Copper ore/concentrate: 2603000000, 7A, UN3077 Class 9 dangerousgoods

Lead ore/concentrate: 2607000000, 7A

Zinc ore/concentrate: 2608000000, 7A

Tin ore/concentrate: 2609000000, 7A, high radioactivity risk

Tungsten ore/concentrate: 2611000000, 7A, usually no “releasebefore lab test”

Tantalum & Niobium ore: 2615900000, 7A, high NORM risk,pre-shipment radioactivity test mandatory

All 26 chapter metal ores require Automatic ImportLicense (O-Certificate) issued by MOFCOM. Consignee onlicense must be identical with customs declarant.

2. Our Agency Service Scope

? Pre-shipment risk control: CCIC pre-inspection, radioactivitytest, solid waste screening, ITSCI / FERI for DRC, LOI & pricingcontract filing ? Overseas logistics: Booking, container/bulkvessel, packaging reinforcement, dangerous goods declaration forsulphide concentrate ? Customs clearance: Document pre-review,two-step declaration, D/O exchange, declaration, radiationscanning, H986 inspection, sampling support, valuation defense, taxpayment ? After-clearance service: Dust suppression unloading,weighing, ore warehouse / bonded warehouse, inland delivery,foreign exchange settlement, document filing

3. Required Documents

1. Signed sales contract (dry basis pricing, moisture deduction,radioactive indemnity clause, LME pricing / TC terms)

2. Commercial invoice (state payable metal value includingby-product Au, Ag)

3. Packing list: wet weight, dry weight, moisture, containerNo.

4. Ocean Bill of Lading

5. Certificate of Origin CO for zero tariff under China-AfricaFTA

6. IPPC fumigation certificate (if wooden package)

7. Automatic Import License (O license)

8. COA report: metal grade, moisture, As, Hg, Cd, Pb

9. Radioactivity test certificate (Gamma, U238, Th232, Ra226)

10. Non-solid waste self-declaration

11. MSDS + dangerous goods declaration (sulphide concentrate)

12. ITSCI, FERI (mandatory for DRC mineral shipment)

4. Full Clearance Workflow

Pre-shipment (Critical Step)

1. Importer file record, apply O license, file formula pricingcontract for LME spot pricing

2. Pre-test at loading port: chemical composition + radioactivity;reject shipment if failed

3. Apply CO, ITSCI, FERI; check all documents to ensure dataconsistency

4. Pack with inner liner big bag; mark dangerous goods label forsulphide powder

5. Book vessel and send shipping advice

72 Hours Before Vessel Arrival

Pre-declaration on Single Window, bind O license electronicrecord, reserve inspection yard & radiation test slot

On-arrival Customs Operation

1. Exchange D/O from shipping agent, settle terminal charge

2. Portal radiation monitor + H986 X-ray scan to check rubbish,tailings, soil

3. On-site inspection & sampling:

4. Cu/Pb/Zn: Release before lab result available uponapplication

5. W/Sn/Ta-Nb: Hold cargo until lab radioactivity report passed

6. Customs valuation: Cross check LME, SMM, TC/RC, bank paymentslip

7. Tax payment: VAT 13% on CIF value, tariff 0 with valid CO

8. Obtain Entry Inspection & Certificate, then deliverto smelter or warehouse

Post-release: Storage & inland transport, document archive forcustoms audit

5. Key Risk Warning

1. Tantalum niobium ore has highest natural radioactivity risk,pre-test is compulsory

2. DRC ore without ITSCI certificate will be detained

3. Low-grade ore mixed with soil/tailings will trigger solid wasteidentification, forced return

4. Sulphide concentrate UN3077, undeclared dangerous goods leads topenalty

5. Mismatch of consignee / commodity name on O license causesdeclaration rejection

6. Under-declaration of associated precious metal will triggersupplementary tax & penalty

6. Cost Reference

Customs brokerage, document service, terminal charge, THC,storage & detention fee, lab test (composition & radiation),trucking & warehouse, VAT 13%